第一,能用动词缩略形式。例如:I'mgoingtoLondon.---So'sJohn。(is)I'vebeentoNewYork.---So'sJohn.(has)I'dhavegonetoTokyoifIcould.---So'dJohn.(would)Johnhasn'tgotavisa.---Nor'vedoI.(have)JimandMaryaren'tactinginthecollegeplay.---Neither'sPeter.(is)
第二,上述甲乙对话如用and连成一句可出自一人之口。例如:JohncanspeakFrenchandsocan'tI.Johncan'tspeakFrenchandneither/norcanI.JohnspeaksFrenchandsodoI.Johndoesn'tspeakFrenchandneither/nordoI.上述斜体部分相当于andIcan,too/andIcan'teither/andIdotoo/andIdon'teither的意思。
3."So+主语+do"结构在简短反应中,对别人所说的情况加以肯定以及主语与上文主语相同时,可用此结构,注意,这里不用倒装同序;so的意义相当于indeed,certainly,即"不错"、"对了"。例如:A:Johnsmokesalot.B:Sohedoes.(=Hesmokesalotindeed.)这类简短反应往往带有说话人的惊奇口吻。例如:A:Look,it'sraining!B:Soitis.在这里,Soitis的含义是Youareright!Itisraining;andthissurprisesme.
4."Nor+主语十do"结构
如果乙方想对甲方所否定的情况加以肯定时,可用此结构(注:在这类结构中,neither少见)例如:Look!Itisn'traininganymore!