Cultureshockissonamedbecauseoftheeffectithasonpeoplewhentheyenteranewculture.Expertshavebeeninterestedintheseeffectsandhaveagreedon
fivebasicstagesofcultureshock.Thesestagesaregeneralandshouldonlybe
usedasareference.Noteveryindividualwillgothrougheachstage,andones
tagemaylastlongerthatanotherfordifferentindividuals.
Thehardestthingformosttravelerstodealwithistheemotional“roller
coaster”theyseemtoberiding.Onemomenttheyfeelverypositivetowardthe
newculture,andthenextmomentverynegative.Itseemscommonthatinternationalvisitorsandimmigrantsvacillatebetweenlovingandhatinganewcountry.Feelingsofseparationandalienationcanbeintensifiediftheydonothaveasenseoffittinginorbelonging.
Fatigueisanotherproblempeoplefacewhenenteringanewculture.Therecanbeasenseofagreaterneedforsleep.Thisisduenotonlytophysicaltiredness,butalsotomentalfatigue.Thismentalfatiguecomesfromstrainingtocomprehendthelanguage,andcopingwithnewsituations.
Theimpactofcultureshockcanvaryfrompersontoperson.Therecanbesignificantdifferencesbecausesomepeoplemaybebetterpreparedtoenteranewculture.Fourfactorswhichplayintothesearepersonality,languageability,lengthofstay,andtheemotionalsupportreceived.
Itislogicaltothinkthatwhenpeoplearedeprivedoftheirfamiliarsurroundingstheywillfeeldisoriented.Onesolutionsomehavefoundistobringafewsmallremindersofhome.Pictures,wallhangings,favoriteutensils,andkeep
sakesareallgoodcandidatestomakethingsfeelmorefamiliar.Anotherhelpful
activityistoestablishlittleroutinesthatbecomefamiliarovertime.Evenbetterisfittingthingsthatwerepartoftheregularroutinebackinthehomecountryintotheroutineestablishedinthenewculture.Thiswillmakepeoplefeelmoreathome.
1.AccordingtoPara.one,expertshaveinterestsin__________________________________________________________________.
2.Emotional“rollercoaster”refers__________________________________________________________________.
3.Whenenteringanewculture,theproblemspeoplefaceare____________________________________________________________________.
4.Copyingwithnewsituationmayresultin_____________________________________________________________________.
5.Accordingtotheauthor,themoreeffectivewaytosolve“culturals
hock”is____________________________________________________________.
本文介绍了“文化休克”一词的来由:文化休克是由于它对接触一种陌生文化的人们所造
成的影响而得名。接下来,文章依次介绍了人们接触陌生文化时所面临的重要难题。以及影
响文化休克的四个因素,此外还介绍了解决文化休克问题的几个方法。
1.【参考答案】Culturalshock’seffectonpeople.
【详细解答】第一段的第一句话就提到:文化休克是由于它对接触一种陌生文化的人
们所造成的影响而得名。在第二句话中得知Expertshavebeeninterestedintheseeffectsand…此句中的theseeffects虽然成为复数,但指的仍是第一句中:theeffectithasonpeoplewhentheyenteranewculture.答案由此而来。
2.【参考答案】unsteadilyfeelingtowardnewculture
【详细解答】本题问的是:情绪上的“环滑车”指的是什么?文中提到:Onemomenttheyfeelverypositivetowardthenewculture,andthenextmomentverynegative.由
于是简短回答,我们便总结为“unsteadilyfeelingtouardanewculture.”
3.【参考答案】areemotional"rollercoaster"andfatigue
【详细解答】从第三段的第一句话入手:Fatigueisanotherproblempeoplefacewhenenteringanewculture“another”一词表明,前面第二段涉及的还有另一个问题。
4.【参考答案】thementalfatigue
【详细解答】本题只要注意到了第三段的最后一句:Thementalfatiguecomesfroms
trainingtocomprehendthelanguage,andcopingwithnewsituations.答案便迎刃而
解。本句,Thementalfatigue是结果,copingwithnewsituation是原因之一,本题问题是copingwithnewsituation可能引起什么。那么,我们只要由原因推向结果即可。
5.【参考答案】fittingsomeregularroutinesintothenewculture.
【答题技巧】浏览一个段落,通过比较得出结论是本题的关键。
【详细解答】解决“文化休克”的最有效的办法是什么,文中
最后一段提到,onesolution…isto…,Anotheractivityisto…,Evenbetteris…,
据作者的口气,三个方案中,最有效的建议便是:fittingthingsthatwerepartofthe
regularroutinebackinthehomecountryintotheroutineestablishedinthenewculture,对于这么长的方案,我们只挑主要的说就可以了。