(1)单音节词加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
great(巨大的) greater greatest
able(有能力的) abler ablest
(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est
red红色的 redder reddest
(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est
busy(忙的) busier busiest
(5)以ly结尾的副词,除early-earlier-earliest,其他都是加more most.
Slowly-more slowly-most slowly
Bravely-more bravely-most bravely
quickly-more quickly-most quickly
(6)少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-est
clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest
narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest
(7)其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级。
如:important(重要的) more important most important
easily(容易地) more easily most easily
(8)一些词的比较级和最高级,可以加-er或 -est,也可以加more或most
有一些词的比较级、最高级变化是不规则的,需要特殊记忆。如:
bad / ill/badly→worse→worst
far→farther→farthest(表示距离) / far→further→furthest (表示程度)
old→older / elder→oldest (表示新旧或年龄) / eldest (表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系)
副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则和形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则一样,所不同的是:形容词最高级前面必须用the,而副词的最高级前面的the可带可不带。
一些词本身没有比较级和最高级形式,如:right, wrong, full, empty, round, complete, wooden, dead, daily等。
strong-stronger-strongest
interesting-moreinteresting-most interesting
difficult-more difficult-most difficultyoung-younger-youngest
old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
expensive-more expensive-most expensive