电容器思维导图

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2024-09-08

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电容器

储存能量

制作流程

电容器的制作，储存能量，应用领域等内容讲解

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思维导图大纲

Charging of capacitors

Capacitance Electrical energy can be stored in an electric field. The device to be capable of doing this is called a capacitor or a condenser. A simple capacitor consists of two metallic plates separated by a dielectric. If a capacitor is connected to a battery, the electrons will flow out of the negative terminal of the battery and accumulate on the capacitor plate connected to that side. At the same time, the clectrons will leave the plate connected to the positive terminal and flow into the battery to make the potential diference just the same as that of the battery. Thus, the capacitor is said to be charged.

A capacitor is composed of two metal plates with a medium in between. When a certain amount of charge is carried on the plates of a capacitor, a certain voltage UC is generated at both ends of the capacitor. Since the capacitance C of the capacitor is a constant, when the electric quantity Q is 0, then UC=0; And the larger Q, that is, the more charge, the larger UC.

Three important factors

Dielectric material

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The capacitance is directly proportional to the dielectric constant of the material and to the area of the plates and inversely to the distance of the plates. It is measured in farads. When a change of one volt per second across it causes the current of one ampere to flow, the capacitor is said to have the capacitance of onefarad. The amount of the stored energy of a charged capacitor is proportional to the applied voltage and its capacitance. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by three important factors,namely the area of the plate surface, the space between them and dielectric material. The larger the plate area, the smaller the space between them, the greater the capacitance.

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无线电接收机中的应用

One of the capacitors to be used in radio receiver is a variable capacitor, whose capacitance can be varied by turning the plates. It

手工制作电感器

for instance, spool some wire around a short wooden dowel, put the spool inside a plastic aspirin bottle with the leads hanging out, and fill the botle with epoxy to make the whole thing rugged. An inductor like this, in the form of cylindrical coilof wire, is called a solenoid,

计算电感器的储存能量

The energy density is proportional to the square of the magnetic field strength, which is in turn proportional to the current flowing through the coiled wire,so the energy stored in the inductor must be proportional to P. We write L/2 for the constant of proportionality, giving As in the definition of inductance, we have a factor of 1/2,which is purely a matter of definition. T

超级电容器思维导图