(1)musthave+过去分词,表示对已发生情况的肯定推测,译为“(昨天)一定……”。如:
MypainmusthavebeenapparentthemomentIwalkedintotheroom,forthefirstmanImetaskedsympathetically:“Areyoufeelingallright?”
(2)can’t/couldn’thave+过去分词,表示对已发生情况的否定推测,译为“(昨天)一定没……”。如:
Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
(3)may/mighthave+过去分词,表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测,或事实上根本没发生,译为“也许……”。如:
AtFloridaPower’sCrystalRiverplant,apotentiallyseriousleakageofradioactivewatermayhavebeenunknowinglycausedbyanelectrician.
(1)needn’thave+过去分词,表示做了不必做的事,译为“其实没必要……”。如:
Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,weneedn’thavedressedupsoformally.
(2)should/shouldnothave+过去分词,表示应该做某事但实际上未做,或本不应该做但实际上做了,译为“本(不)应该……”。如:
Iregrethavinglefttheworkunfinished;Ishouldhaveplannedeverythingaheadcarefully.
(3)oughttohave+过去分词,表示动作按理该发生了,但实际上未发生,译为“该……”,与should的完成式含义类似。如:
Theporteroughttohavecalledthefire-brigadeassoonashesawthefireinthestock,whichwentupinsmoke.
(4)couldhave+过去分词,表示过去本来可以做但却未做,译为“完全可以……”。如:
Whatyousaidisright,butyoucouldhavephraseditmoretactfully.
(5)may/mighthave+过去分词,表示过去可以做但实际未做,译为“(那样)也许会……”。如:
Itmighthavebeenbettertoincludemorepunchystatisticsandphotosofequipmentintheintroductiontofurtherassistfirst-timeofficeautomationmanagers.
(1)may/might(just)aswell“不妨,最好”,与hadbetter相近。如:
Sincetheflightwascancelled,youmightaswellgobytrain.
(2)cannot/can’t…too…“越……越好,怎么也不过分”。注意这个句型的变体cannot…over…。如:
Youcannotbetoocarefulwhenyoudriveacar.
Thefinalchaptercoversorganizationalchangeanddevelopment.Thissubjectcannotbeoveremphasized.
(3)usedn’t或didn’tuseto为usedto(do)的否定式。
(4)should除了“应该”一层意思外,大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。如:
Ididn’texpectthatheshouldhavebehavedlikethat.
2022年6月大学英语六级语法精析:形容词、副词及其比较级