2022年6月大学英语六级语法精析：虚拟语气思维导图

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2023-03-17

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2022年6月大学英语六级语法精析：虚拟语气

树图思维导图提供《2022年6月大学英语六级语法精析：虚拟语气》在线思维导图免费制作，点击“编辑”按钮，可对《2022年6月大学英语六级语法精析：虚拟语气》进行在线思维导图编辑，本思维导图属于思维导图模板主题，文件编号是：b4941c6ee451d073b5e508bff44b6e6b

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点击查看》》》2022年6月大学英语六级语法精析汇总

1.主从句谓语动词的时态

(1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:

如：Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechildcouldnothavedied.

Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,shouldtherebeasuddenloudnoise.

(2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：

主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如：

Haditnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)

HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,hewouldbeourchairmannow.

(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)

(3)识别事实和假设混合句：

Yourmathinstructorwouldhavebeenhappytogiveyouamake-upexaminationhadyougoneandexplainedthatyourparentswereillatthetime.(句子前半部分为假设情况，而“父母病了”是事实)Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.(前半部分为假设，后半部分是事实)

2.名词性从句的虚拟形式

名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉：

(1)下列动词做谓语时，that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式：

desire,advise,recommend,command,direct,order,ask,demand,request,require,insist,maintain,move,propose,prefer,urge,vote。如：

Inthepastmengenerallypreferredthattheirwivesworkinthehome.Imovethathebedischargedforhisseriousmistake.

(2)下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that主语从句中动词用虚拟形式：

advisable,desirable,insistent,preferable,urgent,appropriate,compulsory,crucial,essential,imperative,important,necessary,obligatory,possible,probable,proper,vital,advised,arranged,commanded,demanded,desired,ordered,proposed,recommended,requested,required,suggested。如：Theboarddeemiturgentthatthesefilesshouldbeprintedrightaway.Itisessentialthatallthesefiguresbecheckedtwice.

(3)下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：

insistence,preference,recommendation,suggestion,proposal,motion,desire,requirement,request,order,necessity,importance,regulation,rule,resolution,understanding。如：

JohnWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatitbeanalyzedinareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.

Theykeeptellingusitisofutmostimportancethatourrepresentativebesenttotheconferenceonschedule.

3.含蓄虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式

含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过if从句表达，而是暗含在其他结构中。考生应熟悉：

(1)连词but,butthat,or,orelse;副词otherwise,unfortunately等表示转折假设。如：

Asafetyanalysiswouldhaveidentifiedthetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.Victorobviouslydoesn’tknowwhat’shappened;otherwisehewouldn’thavemadesuchastupidremark.

(2)介词短语暗含假设条件，常用的有：without,butfor,undermorefavorableconditions等。如：

ButfortheEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

(3)intended/meant/hoped/wished/plann或was/were+不定式完成式或hadintended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虚拟语气。如：

Iintendedtohavecalledonyou,butIwasbusyatthattime.

(4)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气。如：

Ishouldhavecalledtomakeanairlinereservation,butIdidn’t.

4.常用虚拟形式的句型

(1)从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式表示虚拟的句型：

wouldratherwouldassoonasthoughsuppose…hadratherwouldsoonerasifsupposing…Ifonly…Itis(high)timethat…(从句中动词只用过去式)如：

Hiswifewouldrathertheydidn’ttalkaboutthematteranymore.

IfIwereinamovie,thenitwouldbeabouttimethatIburiedmyheadinmyhandsforacry.

(2)Ifitwerenotfor…(与现在事实相反)、Ifithadnotbeenfor…(与过去事实相反)相当于butfor。如：