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Questions56-60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Byalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominIntemet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistancelearning(DL),andamongthelargerschools,it'scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven'theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90,000students,astatisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestprivateuniversityinthecountry.
Whilethekindsofinstructionofferedintheseprogramswilldiffer,DLusuallysignifiesacourseinwhichtheinstructorspostsyllabi(课程大纲),readingassignments,andschedulesonWebsites,andstudentssendintheirassignmentsbye-mail.Generallyspeaking,face-to-facecommunicationwithaninstructorisminimizedoreliminatedaltogether.
Theattractionforstudentsmightatfirstseemobvious.Primarily,there'stheconveniencepromisedbycoursesontheNet:youcandothework,astheysay,inyourpajamas(睡衣).Butfiguresindicatethatthereducedeffortresultsinareducedcommitmenttothecourse.WhiledropoutratesforallfreshmenatAmericanuniversitiesisaround20percent,therateforonlinestudentsis35percent.Studentsthemselvesseemtounderstandtheweaknessesinherentinthesetup.InasurveyconductedforeComell,theDLdivisionofComellUniversity,lessthanathirdoftherespondentsexpectedthequalityoftheonlinecoursetobeasgoodastheclassroomcourse.
Clearly,fromtheschools'perspective,there'salotofmoneytobesaved.Althoughsomeofthemoreambitiousprogramsrequirenewinvestmentsinserversandnetworkstosupportcollaborativesoftware,mostDLcoursescanrunonexistingorminimallyupgraded(升级)systems.Themorestudentswhoenrollinacoursebutdon'tcometocampus,themoretheschoolsavesonkeepingthelightsonintheclassrooms,payingdoorkeepers,andmaintainingparkinglots.Andthere'sevidencethatinstructorsmustworkhardertorunaDLcourseforavarietyofreasons,theywon'tbepaidanymore,andmightwellbepaidless.
56、WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofPhoenix?
A.Allitscoursesareofferedonline.
B.Itsonlinecoursesareofthebestquality.
C.Itboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsoncampus.
D.Anyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetadegree.
57、Accordingtothepassage,distancelearningisbasicallycharacterizedby____
A.aconsiderableflexibilityinitsacademicrequirements
B.thegreatdiversityofstudents'academicbackgrounds
C.aminimumortotalabsenceofface-to'faceinstruction
D.thecasualrelationshipbetweenstudentsandprofessors
58、ManystudentstakeInternet-basedcoursesmainlybecausetheycan____
A.earntheiracademicdegreesWithmuchlesseffort
B.saveagreatdealontravelingandboardingexpenses
C.selectcoursesfromvariouscollegesanduniversities
D.workontherequiredcourseswheneverandwherever
59、Whataccountsforthehighdropoutratesforonlinestudents?
A.Thereisnostrictcontrolovertheacademicstandardsofthecourses.
B.Theevaluationsystemusedbyonlineuniversitiesisinherentlyweak.
C.Thereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredeffort.
D.Lackofclassroominteractionreducestheeffectivenessofinstruction.
60、Accordingtothepassage,universitiesshowgreatenthusiasmforDLprogramsforthepurposeof____
A.buildinguptheirreputation
B.cuttingdownontheirexpenses
C.upgradingtheirteachingfacilities
D.providingconvenienceforstudents
56-60.ACDCB
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