例(1)Oneofthegreatchangesbroughtaboutbytheknowledgesocietyisthat_____.(1995年6月六级题22)
A.thedifferencebetweentheemployeeandtheemployerhasbecomeinsignificant.
B.people'straditionalconceptsaboutworknolongerholdtrue.
C.mostpeoplehavetotakepart-timejobs.
D.peoplehavetochangetheirjobsfromtimetotime.
(分析:四个选项中,C、D两项中都含有“haveto”,语气太绝对化,一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择,就大大降低了难度。)
例(2)Themainideaofthispassageisthat_____.(1991年6月六级题40)
A.betteruseofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethequalityofourlife.
B.attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities.
C.theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdidmanyyearsago.
D.prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivities.
(分析:B、D两项中均有mustbe,语气太绝对化,故一般被排除。考生结合短文内容在剩下两项中进行选择,命中率就极高了。)
(二)选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有:can,could,may,should,usually,might,most(大多数),moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,possible,whetheror,notnecessarily等。
例(1)Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieves.(1999年6月四级题30)
A.Americansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountries
B.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone'ssocialstatus
C.Americanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercountries
D.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmerica
(分析:选项B中often一词,语气委婉,不十分肯定,故为答案。而其它三项中所表达出的语气都明显绝对化。)
例(2)Accordingtothepassagetheproblemsofcollegeeducationpartlyarisefromthefactthat――.
A.societycan'tprovideenoughjobsforproperlytrainedcollegegraduates
B.highschoolgraduatesdonotfitthepatternofcollegeeducation?
C.toomanystudentshavetoearntheirownliving
D.collegeadministratorsencouragestudentstodropout
(分析:答案项C中有haveto,语气太绝对化,故被排除。而A项中can't的语气则不十分绝对化,故为答案。)
(三)选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项,而同义替换的一般是选项。
例(1)AccordingtoDr.David,Americans.(1993年6月六级题32)
A.areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressureoflife
B.oftenneglecttheunsequencesofsleepdeficit
C.donotknowhowtorelaxthemselvesproperly
D.cangetbyon6.5hoursofsleep
(分析:答案项中A、D两项基本上是原文中句子的原现,故被排除。B项中有often一词,语气委婉,不十肯定,故为答案。)
例(2)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?(1996年1月六级题35)
A.Futuremanwillbemadeofsiliconinsteadoffleshandblood
B.Somedayitwillbedifficulttotellacomputerfromaman
C.Thereasoningpowerofcomputershasalreadysurpassedthatofman
D.Futureintelligentlifemaynotnecessarilybemadeoforganic
matter.(分析:A项句子基本上是原文词句,C项中有already一词,语气太绝对化,故A、C两项被排除。剩下B、D两项,而D项中有不十分肯定语气词maynot,故选D。)
(四)较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的,选项一般是答案项。
例(1)whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?(1996年1月六级题25)
A.Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbereplacedbycomputers.
B.Musiccan'tbepassedontofuturegenerationsunlessit'srecorded.
C.Folksongscan'tbespreadforunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheet.
D.thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.
(分析:根据短文内容可以看出,A、B、C三项的内容都只是从某一个方面阐述了一种观点,而D项句子所表达的意思就较全面,高度囊括了全篇短文的主旨。)
例(2)Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout.(1991年6月六级题22)
A.theteenagers'criticismoftheirparents
B.misunderstandingsbetweenteenagersandtheirparents
C.thedominanceoftheparentsovertheirchildren
D.theteenagers'abilitytodealwithcrisis
(分析:短文意思是讲年青人有时批评、责备其父母,认为父母对他们间误解负大部分责任是自然的事。而B项意思是年青人和父母间的误解;C项意思是父母对他们孩子的统治;D项指年轻人处理危机的能力。根据短文内容,可以明确看出,B、C、D三项内容都是从三个方面来论述短文观点的,而A项则较全面地、有针对性地表达了文章的中心意思,故为答案。)
(五)选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的(字面意思)一般不是答案项,而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。
例(1)Thepopulationinthe21stcentury,accordingtothewriter.
A.willbesmallerthanafewyearsago
B.willnotbeassmallaspeopleexpect
C.willprovetobeathreattotheworld
D.willnotconstituteasseriousaproblemasexpected
(分析:选项A、B中都有small一词,该词在文中出现过,因而总觉肤浅,是字面之意。C项明显与文章不符,而D项表达的意义比small要深刻得多。)
例(2)Fromthepassageitcanbeseenthatemployeeshiphelpsone.(1990年1月六级题)
A.tobemoresuccessfulinhiscareer
B.tosolvetechnicalproblems
C.tobemorespecializedinhisfield
D.todevelophisprofessionalskill
(分析:题意是“从文中看出员工素质有助于人们...。”B项题即“解决技术问题”;C项意即“深化专业”;D项“发展职业技能”。这三项表达的意思都比较具体,而A项则概括地有深度,包括了B、C、D三项内容。)