宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子,如:He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
(1)宾语从句的连接词:
宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。
(2)宾语从句的语序:
A 宾语从句的连接词后一般加陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),如:I want to know if he can come tomorrow.
B 当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时,后面直接加谓语动词,如:She asked me who had helped him.
(3)宾语从句的时态
只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任,主过则从过,客观真理一般现”
A 主现则从任:主句如果是一般现在时,则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种,如:1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)
B 主过则从过:主句如果是一般过去时,则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种,带“过”字的时态分别是如:一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。如:He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)
C 客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。如:1.He says the moon goes around the earth.
状语从句
(1)时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。
连接词:when(当……时候) while(当……时候) as(当……时候) after(在……以后) before(在……以前) as soon as(一……就) since(自从……到现在) till /until(直到……才) by the time(到……为止)依旧是连接词后大多数加陈述语序。
举例:when当……的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。)
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
(2)原因状语从句:在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。
连接词:由连词because, since,as引导, 也可由for,now that 等词引导。
举例:I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
(3)条件状语从句:在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。
连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(让步)
举例:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
(4)目的、结果状语从句
目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。
结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子。
目的状语从句连接词:so that, so…that , in order that 引导。
结果状语从句连接词:so…that, such…that, so much/many…that引导。
举例:so…that 如此…以至于
The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.
(5)让步状语从句
让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子。
连接词:though, although.,whether…or not
举例:Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
定语从句
定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分。如:I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定语)
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如:I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.