初中英语主谓一致全面解析及考题练习思维导图

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2023-03-14

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初中英语语法

初中英语主谓一致全面解析及考题练习

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主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致，即句中谓语的变化形式由句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。主谓一致通常遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。今天，跟大家分享的是主谓一致考点全面解析：

语法一致

语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。

考点一：

一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

考点二：动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

【考例链接】

( )1、 The twins ______ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.

A be Bam

Cis D are

( )2、One of my friends ______ moved to America. I miss her so much.

A has B have C are

( )3、 Playing computer games too much ______ bad for students’ health .

A am B is C are

考点三：

1、复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

2、neither of ... / none of ... 作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。

3、either指“两者之中任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。either of ... 作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。

4、 each作同位语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数；each of ... 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

考点四：当用both ... and ... 连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式；当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

考点五：当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。

【考例链接】

( ) 1、We each ______ WeChat nowadays, even the old people.

A play B plays C playing

( )2、 —What would you like, coffee or tea?

—Either ______ OK. I don’t mind.

A is B are C was

( )3、My sister with my parents ______ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.

A are making B is making

C was making D were making

考点六：一些由两部分构成的表示物体的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如shoes, trousers, jeans, scissors, chopsticks等。但如果这些名词前有量词如pair等修饰时，谓语动词的数与量词保持一致。

【考例链接】

( ) The pair of trousers ______ me. I’ll take it.

A fit B fits C will fit

考点七：

1、 “a (large / small) number of + 复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of + 复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

2、 “分数 / 百分数+ of + 名词”和“the rest / most of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由名词决定。

【考例链接】

( )1、 In our city there ______ a number of cars and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger.

A are; is B have; is C is; are

( )2、 About ______ of the land ______ covered with trees and grass.

A three fifths; is

B three fifths; are

C three fifth; are

( )3、 The number of the volunteers in our city ______ 2,000. And sixty percent of them ______ teachers and students.

A is; is B is; are

C are; is D are; are

意义一致

意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义所决定。

考点一：

当数词作主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等名词(短语)作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。

【考例链接】

( )1、 Fifty yuan ______ enough.

A is B am C are

( )2、—Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes ______ TV is good for us.

—Forty minutes ______ enough. Now you must do your homework.

A watch; is

B watching; was

C watched; are

D watching; were

考点二：

有些集体名词常指复数的人或物，谓语动词用复数形式，如police；有些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；当population意为“人口数量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；意为“全体居民”时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。

【考例链接】

( )1、The population of China ______ over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than ______ in the world.

A is; any country

B is; any other country

C are; the other countries

D are; any other countries

( )2、 Look! The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.

A am carrying B is carrying

C are carrying D are carried