Chapter1:ColonialandRevolutionPeriod(1620-1800) 思维导图

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2025-02-27

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Chapter1:ColonialandRevolutionPeriod(1620-1800)

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Part 1: Colonial American Literature (1620-1776)

- Background :

Colonies that became the First United States were mostly English

- The Puritans were originally a group of people who separated from the Church of England in the reign of Queen Elizabeth and King James I

- Under the influence of English literature

- Literature

Representative Writer:

- Captain John Smith (1580-1631) - The first American writer - A map of Virginia / General History of Virginia (1624) -

Two governors: William Bradford and John Winthrop The History of Plymouth Plantation / The History of New England -

Two important poets: Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor (1611-1672), (15-29) - A Puritan Poet: The Tenth Muse Lately Spring up in America

Characteristics of American Writers-

Independent / Individualistic / Critical / Innovative / Humorous

Feature

1. Neither American nor really literature - The first writings that we call American were narratives and journals of those settlements

2. American literature grew out of humble origins - In content, served either God or colonial expansion or both3. Early poetry was all ponderously religious - In form, English literary traditions were faithfully imitated and transplanted - Anne / Edwards were in fact so many servant of God

Summary

Influence on Literature

- Basis of American literature: the dream of building an Eden of Garden on earth/Optimistic

Style - Simple, fresh, and direct

- American Puritans is the basis of American Dream—with my hands I can restore Garden of Eden all myself

Part 2: The Literature of Reason and Revolution (1776-1820)

Background

- The war of Independence

- American Enlightenment brought to life secular education and literature

Literature

Feature

1. Theology dominated the Puritan Phase of American writing

2. Politics was the next great subject to command the attention of the best minds (Freedom)

Representative Writer

1. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Nature, Everything

- Poor Richard Almanac (1732-1758)

- An annual collection of proverbs, purpose to appeal the common man of colonial America - Autobiography (American’s first self-made man)

- Reflect: a Puritan document

- Franklin was spokesman of the new order of 18th c enlightenment

2. Thomas Paine (1737-1809) fight for the rights of man

- Common Sense (Jan 10th, 1776)—attacked British Monarchy

- American Crsis (1776-1783) heartening stimulus

- Rights of Man (spread of the ideals of French Revolution)

3. Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826).

The Declaration of Independence—Individual liberty / individual will

Summary

- Influenced by American Puritanism: emphasis of the pursuit of morality, freedom, and independence

- The independence of the USA doesn’t mean the independence of American literature

- Remained derivative and dependent while imaginative literature, the heroic and revolutionary ambitions of the age created great pamphleteering and states paper

- Colonies that became the First United States were mostly English

- The Puritans were originally a group of people who separated from the Church of England in the reign of Queen Elizabeth and King James I

- Under the influence of English literature

Chapter 1 introduction思维导图