小学英语毕业总复习思维导图

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2022-07-10

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思维导图

英语

小学英语

小学英语毕业总复习

下面是小编给大家带来的小学英语毕业总复习思维导图，希望大家能好好学习起来，打牢基础知识。

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思维导图大纲

一：学生易错词汇

1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.

2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .

4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.

5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.

6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

二：形容词比较级详解

当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是

什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么

　I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)

形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是

① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger

② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier

④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西

典型错误：My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)

比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人)，那么比较的对象就没有可比性

应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

三：动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有

A、规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②　以e结尾的动词直接加d：如　lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如　stopped

B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式

sing – sang , eat – ate

see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was

are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

四：动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing

③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting

五：人称和数

人称代词物主代词

主格宾格

第一

人称单数 I(我) me my(我的)

复数 we(我们) us our(我们的)

第二

人称单数 you(你) you your(你的)

复数 you(你们) you your(你们的)

第三

人称单数 he(他) him his(他的)

she(她) her her(她的)

it(它) it its(它的)

复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them their(他们的/她们的/它们的)

六：句型专项归类

1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子

如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子

如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”

有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写

没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )

这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did”

3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答

如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，

①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可

②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do，does，did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did”

一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的

4、特殊疑问句

以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答

What is this? It’s a computer.

What does he do? He’s a doctor.

Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.

Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.

Which season do you like best? Summer.

When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.

Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.

Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.

How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.

How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.

☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问

如： how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)

例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配

How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……?

How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……?

How many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少……?

七：完全、缩略形式

I’m=I am he’s=he is she’s=she is they’re=they are you’re=you are there’s=there is they’re=they are can’t=can not don’t=do not doesn’t=does not isn’t=is not aren’t=are not let’s=let us won’t=will not I’ll=I will wasn’t=was not

总结：通常情况下，m即am，s即is(但 let’s=let us)， re即are ，nt即not (但can’t=can not)

1113爆卡会总结会会议纪要思维导图