全部倒装和部分倒装:如果谓语在主语前面,就是倒装语序.倒装语序又分为全部倒装和部分倒装.在全部倒装的句子中,整个谓语都放在主语的前面:
Herearesomeregisteredlettersforyou.
Incameamanwithawhitebeard.
在部分倒装的句子中只是谓语中的一部分(如助动词,情态动词,或系动词be等)放在主语前面,其余部分仍在主语后面:
Undernocircumstancesmustasoldierleavehispost.
Icouldn’tanswerthequestion.Norcouldanyoneelseinourclass.
Onlyinthiswayisitpossibletoaccomplishtheabove-mentionedglorioustask.
以neither,nor,so等开始的句子:由so引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(肯定句),由neither,nor引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(否定句),助动词或be置于主语前.
“Wemuststartforthework-sitenow”.“Somustwe.”
Iamquitewillingtohelpandsoaretheothers.
Hedidn’tdropanyhint.Nor(Neither)didhissecretary.
“Iwon’tdosuchathing.”“Nor(Neither)willI.”
如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思,尽管是用so开头,语序也不要颠倒.
“Itwascoldyesterday.”“Soitwas.”
“TomorrowwillbeMonday.”“Soitwill.”
当句首状语为never,little,notonly,notuntil,hardly,scarcely等否定词或有否定意义的词语时,一般引起部分倒装.
Nolongeraretheystayingwithus.
Nosoonerhadhearrivedtherethanhefellill.
UndernocircumstancescouldIagreetosuchaprinciple.
表示位置或方向的副词提前,谓语动词为go,come等表示位置转移的动作动词而主语又较长时,通常用全部倒装:
Therewasasuddengustofwindandawaywenthishat.
ThedoorburstopenandIrushedthecrowd.
1.如果主语是代词,仍用正常语序:
HereisChina’slargesttropicalforest.
Herearesomepicture-books.
2.如果主语是代词,仍用正常语序:
Hereweare.Thisisthenewrailwaystation.
“Givemesomepaper.”“Hereyouare.”
3.表语和系动词提前:
介词短语:OntheothersidewasnorthernXinjiang.
Nearthesouthernendofthevillagewasalargepearorchard.
形容词:Veryimportantinthefarmer’slifeistheradioweatherreport.
Worstofallwerethehumiliationshesuffered.
Southwestofthereservoirwere2,000acresofsandywasteland.
分词:HousedintheCulturalPalacearealibrary,anauditoriumandrecreationrooms.
Hiddenundergroundisawealthofgold,silver,copper,leadandzink.
Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedabout17.
Standingbesidethetablewasaninterpreter.
6)句首状语若由only+副词,only+介词词组,only+状语从句构成,引起局部倒装:
Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchwasmissing.
Onlythroughsheerluckdidhemanagetogetsometickets.
Onlybecausethereweresomecancelledbookingsdidhegetsometicketsintheend.
有notonly开头的句子或分句,往往引起局部倒装:
Notonlydidhecomplainaboutthefood,healsorefusedtopayforit.
Notonlydidthegarageoverchargeme,buttheyhadn’tdoneaverygoodrepairjobeither.
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