距离英语四六级考试越来越近了，相信考生都打起精神准备进行最后的冲刺了。英语四级考试中阅读所占比重为百分之三十五，阅读的重要性不言而喻。
Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter.“You’resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.”
Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon’tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou’reinvolvedinaconversation,you’llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyouwardrobe(衣柜).“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou,”saysSchacter.“Rather,youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”
Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness.“Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,”saysZelinski,“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.”Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.
Visualcuescanhelppreventabsent-mindedness,saysSchacter.“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable,”hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedication(药物)withlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don’tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.
Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou’rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime,”saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou’lllikelyremember.
26.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatencodingproperlyisveryimportant?
A)Ithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter.
B)Itenablesustorecallsomethingformourmemory.
C)Itexpandsourmemorycapacityconsiderably.
D)Itslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemory.
27.Onepossiblereasonwhywomenhavebettermemoriesthanmenisthat________.
A)theyhaveawiderrangeofinterests
B)theyaremorereliantontheenvironment
C)theyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattention
D)theyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem
28.Anoteinthepocketcanhardlyserveasareminderbecause________.
B)it’snotclearenoughforyoutoread
D)itmightgetmixedupwithotherthings
29.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A)Ifwefocusourattentionononething,wemightforgetanother.
B)Memorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironment.
C)Repetitionhelpsimproveourmemory.
D)Ifwekeepforgettingthings,we’dbetterreturntowherewewere.
30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A)Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss.
B)Thecausesofabsent-mindedness.
C)Theimpactoftheenvironmentonmemory.
D)Awayifencodingandrecalling.
26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B
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