2016年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案(六)思维导图

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2023-03-16

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　　There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine(内燃机)has som

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2016年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题及答案(六)思维导图模板大纲

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork,justasweexpectthematleasttounderstandthattheinternal-combustionengine(内燃机)hassomethingtodowithburningfuel,expandinggasesandpistons(活塞)beingdriven.Forpeopleshouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.Further,studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthecomputer’simpactonsociety.Butthatisnotwhatismeantbycomputerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnotaformofliteracy(读写能力);itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatalloughttoknowhowtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogrammingasacareer.Whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileoursocietyneedssomepeoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.

Learninghowtouseacomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierallthetimeasprogramsbecomemore“user-friendly”.Letusassumethatinthefutureeveryoneisgoingtohavetoknowhowtouseacomputertobeacompetentcitizen.Whatdoesthephraselearningtouseacomputermean?Itsoundslike“learningtodriveacar",thatis,itsoundsasifthereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableonetouseacomputer.

Infact,"learningtouseacomputer"ismuchmorelike“learningtoplayagame”,butlearningtherulesofonegamemaynothelpyouplayasecondgame,whoserulesmaynotbethesame.Thereisnosuchathingasteachingsomeonehowtouseacomputer.Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould_______.

A.trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

B.beawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C.learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D.understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthanrepairingacar

2.Inthesecondparagraph“autorepair”and“violin-making”arementionedtoshowthat_______.

A.programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B.oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

C.violinmakingrequiresasmuchskillascomputerprogramming

D.peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon’tnecessarilyhavetoknowcomputerprogramming

3.Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthetimebecause_______.

A.programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B.programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C.programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

D.programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

4.Accordingtotheauthor,thephrase“learningtouseacomputer”(Lines3,4,Para.3)meanslearning_______.

A.asetofrulesB.thefundamentalsofcomputerscience

C.specificprogramsD.generalprinciplesofprogramming

5.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageis_______.

A.tostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B.toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C.toillustratetherequirementsforbeingcompetentcitizensoftomorrow

D.toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingandchallengingjob

答案：

1.[C]推理判断题。第2段提到未来有能力的人应该从恐惧中解脱出来，第3段则提到学习计算机则就像是“学开车”一样，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可知有能力的人只需要通过掌握技能学习计算机即可，而不必学习编程，故C正确。

2.[D]词义理解题。在第2段中，作者强调一般人只需学会使用计算机，而不必学会编程，最后指出这与“汽车修理”和“小提琴制作”一样，可见作者提到“汽车修理”(类似一般人使用计算机)和“小提琴创作”(数似于电脑专业人员编程)还是为了说明上文的观点，故D正确。

3.[B]事实细节题。第3段首句提到学习使用计算机越来越容易的原因是计算机编程变得更user-friendly,B中的convenienttousers与此相符，故正确。

4.[C]句意理解题。第4段指出教人学习使用计算机就是教人usethisorthatprogram，故C与此相符。

5.[B]主旨大意题。本文围绕学生应如何学习计算机，阐述计算机能力(computerliteracy)的概念;它只是一种技能,故B正确。A、C、D均只是利用文中的片言只语拼凑而成的干扰项，不足以概括文章大意。

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