1.表示并列关系的连词有：and, both…and…, not only… but also…和neither…nor…等
1)and：和，并且
A：基本用法
“and”表示 “和”、“并且”的意思，用来连接对等关系的字和字，片语和片语，句子和句子
I enjoy basketball , football and table tennis.
B:特别用法
祁使句后连接and，有条件句作用，此时and=if you…,you’ll…
Go straight on, and you’ll see the library.==If you go straight on, you will see the library.
2)both…and…既…也…,(两者)都…
A、both…and…构成的词组作主语时,谓语动词用复数
Both Jim and Kate are from England.
B、both…and…否定句表示部分否定
You can’t speak both German and English.
3)neither…nor…:既不…也不…
neither…nor…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词靠近哪个主语就与哪个主语保持 “人称”和 “数”的一致，即采取就近原则
4)not only…but also…:不但…而且…
not only…but also…连接两个主语后的谓语动词也遵循就近原则
Not only the mother but also the children are ill.
2.表示转折关系的连词有：but, however, yet, still，while等
Mary was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming.
Tom got up early, yet he failed to catch the train.
He was very tired, still he kept on walking.
Your composition is fairly good, however, there is still some
room for improvement.
3.表示选择关系的并列连词有：or, either…or…,whether… or…等
1)or：或、否则
A:基本用法
or 表示 “或” 的意思，使用于两者之中选择一个的时候
----Is your friend English or American? ----American.
B:特别用法
祁使句后连接or ，表 “如果…,否则…”,有转折的意思，此时 or =if you don’t …,you’ll …
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
2)either…or…:或者…或者…; 不是…就是…；要么…要么…
A. either…or…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词靠近哪个主语就与哪个主语保持 “人称”和 “数”的一致，即就近原则
Either you or I am right.
B. 由either…or…引导的否定句是完全否定
She isn’t either a student or a teacher.
3)whether…or…不管…还是…
She is always cheerful, whether at home or at school.
4.表示因果关系的并列连词有：for(因为)，so(所以)
He is not at school today, for he has a bad cold.
5.引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：before, after, when, while, as, till, until, since, as soon as等
After they had planted their crops, they took a rest.
We have learned six lessons since he began to teach us.
As soon as he gets to Beijing, he’ll call me.
6. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if(如果), unless(除非，如果……不)等
If you don’t go soon, you’ll be late.=Unless you go soon, you’ll be late.
7.引导原因状语从句的从属连词有 because, as, since等
because“因为”语气最强,回答why提问时只能用because，其引导的从句可放在句首或句末；as“由于”、since“既然”语气不如because强，引导的从句常置于句首；for是并列连词，语气最弱，对前面分句加以解释或补充说明，其引导的分句常置于句末且用逗号隔开
8.引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：although/though(虽然，尽管), even though/if (即使)
Although/ Though it is a very young country, it is very rich.
Even if/ though you were here yesterday, you couldn’t help him.
9.引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that和in order that(以便，为了)等
The teacher spoke loudly so that /in order that we could hear him clearly.
10.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that(结果是)和so/such…that…(如此…以至于)等
It was very cold, so that the water in the bowl froze.
11.引导比较状语从句的从属连词有： as…as…(与……一样),not as/so… as…(不及，赶不上),和than(比)等
I know you better than she does.
12.引导名词性从句的从属连词有：that和 if/whether(是否)等
We know that the earth goes around the sun.(宾语从句)
