1-1对立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.
例如(e.g)：
[1].Whenaskedabout.....,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat.......ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.
[2].Whenitcomesto....,somepeoplebelievethat.......Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,but(Itendtotheprofer/latter...)
[3].Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledgedthat....Theyclaim/believe/arguethat...ButIwonder/doubtwhether.....
1-2现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论.
e.g
[1].Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenonof)...hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.
[2].Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbraughttopublicattention)
[3].Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.
1-3观点法----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.
e.g:
[1].Neverhistoryhasthechangeof..beenasevidentas...Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaof..beenmorevisible/popularthan...
[2].Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that...
[3].Nowthereisagrowingawareness/recognitionofthenecessityto......Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof......
[4].Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat.......
1-4引用法-----先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
e.g:
[1]."Knowledgeispower."suchistheremarkmadebyBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.
"Educationisnotcompletewithgraduation."SuchistheopinionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopinion.
[2]."........."Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordsliketheses/this.Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplainsasthis"......".
1-5比较法------通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点.
e.g:
[1].Foryears,...hadbeenviewedas...Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowing...,people........
[2].Peopleusedtothinkthat...(Inthepast,....)Butpeoplenowsharethisnew.
1-6故事法----先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题.
e.g:
[1].Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt....Thephenomenonof...hasarousedpublicconcern.
[2].Ihaveafriendwho...Shouldhe....?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontwithinourdailylife.
[3].Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho...Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.
1-7问题法-----先用讨论或解答的设问,引出自己观点,适用于有争议性的话题.
e.g:
Should/What......?Optionsof...varygreatly,some...,others...Butinmyopinion,.......
