1 win v. 赢……，获胜，接比赛或奖项 win a game / a prize / an honor / a race. / Our team won the game 8 to 7. / He won by five points. / He won her love at last. / He won the first place in the competition.
2 beat + 对手，表打败尤指体育比赛 I can easily beat him at golf.
3 defeat 表战胜，接对手The enemy was defeated in the battle.
2. in the end, finally, at last
三者均可表示“经过周折、等待、耽误最后，终于”之意。不同的是：
finally 一般用在句中动词前面，而 at last 与 in the end 的位置则较为灵活;
三者中at last 语气最为强烈，且可单独作为感叹句使用。After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. / At last he knew the meaning of life. / At last! Where on earth have you been? / But in the end he gave in.
另外，finally还可用在列举事项时，引出最后一个内容，相当于lastly。 Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry it out; finally we should make a conclu- sion.
3. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea, at sea
1 by sea “走海路，乘船”，用来表示交通方式，同 by ship 同义。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea.
2 by the sea “在海边”，相当于 by at the seaside。The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Children's Day.
3 in the sea “在海里，在海水中” There are many plants and animals in the sea.
4 on the sea “在海面上”，“在海岸边”。I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea.
5 at sea 在海上;在航海 When he woke up, the ship was at sea.
4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of doing sth.
1 be afraid 意为“担心，害怕”，多用于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 从句。I'm afraid that 其语意相当于 I'm sorry, but...。
-- Are we on time? 我们准时吗? -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不准时。I'm afraid you'll get caught in the rain.
2 be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.
3 be afraid of doing sth. 常表示“担心或害怕某事发生”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.
5. live, living, alive, lively
① 活的;活生生的;只修饰生物;只作前置定语 The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys.
② 实况直播的 不是录音It wasn't a recorded show. It was live.
③ 带电的;燃着的;可爆炸的 This is a live wire.
2 living adj. 活着的，有生命的作表语或定语 She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. 或alive
3 alive adj. ① 活着的;② 有活力的;有生气
作后置定语：Who's the greatest man alive?
作表语：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.
作补语：Let's keep the fish alive.
4 lively adj. 活泼的;有生气的;活跃的作表语或定语 The music is bright and lively.
