中心思想题：文章开头的名词，文章中间的高频词，选项中的小词(development,evolution,formation,invention,new,special,effect)
细节题：first,most,because,only,just
11.A)Theyoftentakeplaceinhermajorindustries.
B)Britishtradeunionsaremorepowerful.
C)TherearemoretradeunionmembersinBritain.
D)Britainlosesmoreworkingdaysthroughstrikeseveryyear.
12.A)SuchstrikesareagainsttheBritishlaw.
B)Suchstrikesareunpredictable.
C)Suchstrikesinvolveworkersfromdifferenttrades.
D)Suchstrikesoccurfrequentlythesedays.
13.A)TradeunionsinBritainarebecomingmorepopular.
B)MoststrikesinBritainareagainsttheBritishlaw.
C)UnofficialstrikesinBritainareeasiertodealwithnow.
D)Employer-workerrelationsinBritainhavebecometenser.
StrikesareverycommoninBritain.Theyareextremelyharmfultoitsindustries.Infact,thereareothercountriesinWesternEuropethatlosemoreworkingdaysthroughstrikeseveryyearthanBritain.ThetroublewiththestrikesinBritainisthattheyoccurinessentialindustries.Thereareover495unionsinBritain.Someunionsareverysmall.Over20havemorethan100,000members.Unionsdonotexistonlytodemandhigherwages.Theyalsoeducatetheirmembers.Theyprovidebenefitsforthesickandtrytoimproveworkingconditions.Tradeunionerssaythatwemustthanktheunionsforthegreatimprovementinworkingconditionsinthelasthundredyears.Itisnowagainstthelawforunionmemberstogoonstrikewithoutthesupportoftheirunion.Thiskindofstrikeiscalledtheunofficialstrikeandwascommonuntilrecently.Employersfeelthatunofficialstrikesweremostharmfulbecausetheywouldnotbepredicted.However,theseunofficialstrikesstilloccurfromtimetotimeandsomeunionshavealsorefusedtocooperatewiththelaw.Asaresult,thegeneralpictureoftherelationsbetweenworkersandemployersinBritainhasgonefrombadtoworse.
Questions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
11.InwhatwayarestrikesinBritaindifferentfromthoseinotherEuropeancountries?(开头)
12.WhyareBritishemployerssoafraidofunofficialstrikes?(most,because)
13.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthispassage?(结尾Asaresult)
注：Unionsdonotexistonlytodemandhigherwages.【否定转移】
一个句子中(无标点)，如果前面是否定，后面表达的是原因、结果和目的，那么前面的not否定的是句子后面的原因、结果和目的，而并非是谓语动词。
Ididn'tspend3hoursrepairingyourvacuumcleanersothatitcouldsitinthecloset.
Ididn'tteachbecauseit'seasy.
15.A)Howtohandlespiders.
B)SpidersintheUnitedStates.
16.A)Mostspiderswillnotbiteevenwhenhandled.
B)Mostspidersarepoisonousanddangerous.
C)Mostspidersarelikelytoattackpeople.
D)Mostspidershavesharpeyes.
17.A)Becauseshecannotfindahusbandforherself.
B)Becausethefemalespiderislargerthanthemaleone.
C)Becausethefemalespiderofteneatsherhusband.
D)Becausesheisablackfemalespider.
Youshouldnotfearspidersbecauseoftheirpoison.OfallthespidersinNorthAmerica,onlyonekindisreallydangerousandmostwouldnotbiteeveniftheywerehandled.Theymuchprefertorunawayortodroptothegroundonathreadofsilk.Evenso,whenaspiderrunsdirectlytowardaperson,itgivestheimpressionthatitisabouttoattack.Actually,itcannotseethepersoninitsway.Thespideristooshort-sightedtoseethingsatadistance.Itonlywantstogowhereitwillnotbedisturbed.IntheUnitedStatesonekindofspiderisresponsibleforthefrighteningreputationoftherest.ItistheBlackWidow.Socalledbecausethefemale,whichislargerthanthemale,ofteneatsherhusbandaftermakinglove.TheBlackWidowisfoundinallstatesbutismostcommoninthesouthandthewest.Sheconstructsaloose,irregularwebunderapileofrowansornearthefoundationsofbuildingswheresheisseldomdisturbed.Sheisnotanattackingspiderandmanypeoplehaveproventhisbylettinghercrawlovertheirhands.Whenshebites,itisusuallyinself-defence.Inspiteofthestoriesyoumayhaveheard,itisrareforapersontobebittenbyaBlackWidowandevenmoreunusualforthebitetoprovefatal.Butrememberthatherpoisonispowerfulandeventhoughsheisshy,sheshouldberespected.
Questions15to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
15.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?
16.Whatdowelearnaboutspidersfromthepassage?(only,most)
17.WhyisthespideryoujustheardaboutcalledtheBlackWidow?(because)
注：Youshouldnotfearspidersbecauseoftheirpoison.否定转移
