Thehomecomputer(S1)hasbeengrowingrapidlyintheUnitedStatesforthelasttenyears.Computersusedtobelarge,(S2)machinesthatwereverydifficulttouse.Butscientistsand(S3)havebeenmakingthemsmallerand(S4)whileatthesametimetheyhavebeenmadeeasiertouse.Asaresult,their(S5)hasbeenincreasingasmoreandmorepeoplehavebeenbuyingcomputersforhomesand(S6).
Computershavebeen(S7)tostoreinformationandprocessproblems.Somehavevoicesthatspeakwiththeoperators.storesusecomputerstokeeprecordsoftheirstockandtosendbillstotheircustomers(S8).Peoplehavebeenusingcomputersintheirhomestokeeptrackofexpensesandtrunappliancesonandoff.
Onnewimportantuseforcomputersisforentertainment.(S9).Peopleofallageshavebeenplayingthesegames.Theyhavebeengoingtoplaceswherethecomputergamescanbeplayedforasmallcost.(S10).
Passage2CompoundDictation
Whenyou(S1)travelbooks,youmustmakesurethatitdoesn’t(S2)Everythingasmarvelousormagical.Youmustalso(S3)itsdateofpublication,becausetravelisavery(S4)affairandmanythings(S5)quicklyinthe20thcentury.Ofcourse,youshouldmakesurethatits(S6)are(S7)andeasytofind.
Therearethreekindsoftravelbooks.(S8)________________.Iftheyareinformativeandhaveagoodindex,thentheycanbeusefultoyou,whenyouareplanningyourtravel.(S9).Ifawell-read,culturedpersonhaswrittensuchabook,thenitisevenmoreuseful.Itcanbeclassifiedasaselectiveguidebook.(S10)__________________.Iftheyaregood,theywill,inadditiontotheirfactualinformation,giveananalysisoraninterpretation.Liedthefirstkind,theycanbeinspiringandentertaining,buttheirprimaryfunctionistoassistthereaderwhowishestoplaninthemostpracticalway.
In1905,AlbertEinsteinpublished(S1)includingonethatsetforththeprinciples(S2).Thistheoryexplainedforthefirsttimethat(S3)meaning,forexample,thereisnowaytotell(S4)Orwhetheritismovingveryrapidly,atexactlythesamespeedastheenvironmentaroundit.Secondly,Einsteindeclaredthatwhiletheworld(S5)
,thespeedoflighttravelingthroughemptyspaceisconstant.Theseprinciples,(S6)
,providedthebasisforcriticizingtheidealistandmechanicalmaterialism“law”ofphysicswhichhadbeenconsideredquestionablesinceNewton’s17thcenturywriting.
Between1905and1916,Einsteindevelopedtheconceptofrelativity.He(S7)
________________,puttingforwardthemathematicalequationthatwouldlater(S8),providingthefirstcomprehensiveviewofhowgravityoperated.Einstein(S9)__________________tothe“generaltheoryofrelativity(S10)_____________________________ofasinglephenomenon”spacetime.
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