2014年12月大学英语四级冲刺精讲-写作篇（7）思维导图

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2023-03-16

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2014年12

备考建议 　　1、关注时政热点 　　2、总结积累相关词汇、短语及经典句型 　　四级作文命题类型 　　（1）观点类作文 　　a．观点选择类作文 　　b．观点论证类作文 　　（2）现象类作文 　　a．现象阐释类

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备考建议1、关注时政热点2、总结积累相关词汇、短语及经典句型四级作文命题类型（1）观点类作文a．观点选择类作文b．观点论证类作文（2）现象类作文a．现象阐释类b．问题解决类（3）图表类作文a．影响分析类b．问题解决类（4）应用类作文a．书信b．演讲a．观点选择型作文此类作文直接要求考生比较两种对立的观点或做法，进而表明自己对问题或事务的态度或观点，做出选择。观点选择型关键句式Thereisageneraldiscussionnowadaysontheproblemof….Someargue/holdthat…,butotherssetforthatotallydifferentargumentabouttheissue.如今，XX问题引起了广泛的讨论，有些人认为…，但其他人则对此持有完全相反的观点。Inreactiontothephenomenon/inanswertotheproblem/inresponsetotheon-goingsocialchange,somepeoplebelieve…Intheirminds,…However,othersmaintain….Intheireyes,…对于这种现象/解决该问题/社会变化，一些人认为…然而，其他人则认为…在他们看来…Personally,Isidewiththeformer/latteropinions.就我个人而言，我支持前（后）一种观点。Iamoftheopinionthatpriorityshouldbegivento…我首先赞成…Inconclusion,itisclearthat…因此，很显然…Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromalltheabovesaid,itis…综上所述，我们可以得出这样的结论…观点选择类作文模板Thereisnoconsensusamongpeopleastotheviewof(___).Theopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleholdtheideathat().Acaseinpointisthat(_).However,othermayhaveaquitedifferentview.Accordingtothem,(_).Themosttypicalexampleisthat(__).Weighingtheprosandconsofthesearguments,Iaminclinedtoagreewith(_).Admittedly,theformerpointofviewseemsreasonableinsayingtosomeextend,but(_)ismoreconvincing.words：87b．观点论证型作文此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点，按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否认某一主张。Whenaskedabout(_),somepeopleholdtheideathat(_).Asfarastheyconcernedwith/about,(__).当问及…时，一些人持有这样的观点…；在他们看来，…ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,(_).然而，我却不赞同他们的看法。在我看来，…Thereasonformychoicearelistedasfollows.我之所以做出这样选择，原因如下：Firstofall,().Whatismore,().Lastbutnottheleast,().首先，…；其次，…；最后，…Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelievethat().基于以上原因，我坚持认为，…观点型论证型作文模板Whenaskedabout(_),somepeopleholdtheideathat(_).Asfarastheyareconcerned,(_).ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,(_).Thereasonformychoicearelistedasfollows.Firstofall,().Whatismore,().Lastbutnottheleast,().Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelievethat(__).Words：56

（二）现象类作文此类作文主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以评论，其基本结构是：首先说明现状；其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，指出其影响，提出解决建议或总结观点。a．现象阐释类作文关键句式Recently,thephenomenonof…hasbecomethefocusofthepublicconcern.近年来，…现象引起公众极大地关注。Itisnoeasy/simpletasktoofferthereasonforthisphenomenonwhichinvolvesmorethanonecomplicatedfactor.要解释该现象的原因并不容易，因为其中涉及到很多复杂的因素。Amongalltheimportant/convincingreasonsfor…,oneshouldbeemphasized…在所有重要、有力的原因中，我们应当重点关注…Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareundeniable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.这一现象的重大影响是不可忽略的，可大致归结为以下几个方面：Ononehand,…;Ontheotherhand,…一方面，…；另一方面，…现象阐释类作文框架Recently,thephenomenonof…hasbecomethefocusofthepublicconcern.Whatarethereasonsforthephenomenon?Onmystandpoint,thereareseveralasfollows.b．问题解决类作文关键句式Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy/society/people’slivingstandard,wearefacingaseriousphenomenonthat…目前，随着经济/社会的发展/人民生活水平的提高，我们正面临着一个严峻的社会现象，…。Inordertosolvethisproblem,itisessentialforustodiscussthecausesofit.为了解决这一问题，我们有必要首先分析其原因。Whathascausedthisproblem?Itseemstomethatthereareseveralreasonsasfollows.在我看来主要有如下几条原因：Firstofall,(______).Whatismore,(______).Lastbutnottheleast,(______).首先，…；其次，…；最后，…Inviewoftheseriousnessofthephenomenon,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenasfollows.考虑到这一现象的严重性，有关部门必须采取如下有效措施。Ononehand,itishightimethatpeoplealloverChinarealizedtheseriousnessofthephenomenon;ontheotherhand,thegovernmentshouldissuelawsandregulationstoputthesituationundercontrol.一方面，必须使举国上下意识到这一现象的严重性；另一方面，政府应当制定相应的法律法规来控制这一局面。Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy/society/people’slivingstandard,wearefacingaseriousphenomenonthat…Whathascausedthisproblem?Itseemstomethatthereareseveralreasonsasfollows.Firstofall,(______).Whatismore,(______).Lastbutnottheleast,(______).Inviewoftheseriousnessofthephenomenon,effectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.Ononehand,itishightimethatpeoplealloverChinarealizedtheseriousnessofthephenomenon;Ontheotherhand,thegovernmentshouldissuelawsandregulationstoputthesituationundercontrol.Onlyinthesewaycanwesuccessfullysolvetheproblem.words：101

（三）图表型作文此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图画入手，解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出的问题，提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性；然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己的态度、做法等。a．影响分析型关键句式Thechart/graph/table/picturedescribesthatthefiguredeclines/fallssmoothly/markedly.Itindicatesthat…图表显示数字下降平缓，这表明….Theremaybeacombinationoffactorswhichcontributeto/areresponsiblefor…可能是好几个因素造成的结果。Theremaybeseveralpossiblereasonstothisphenomenon,whichwillbedemonstratedasfollows.可能有几个原因导致了我们下面所要阐述的现象。Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareundeniable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.这一现象的重大影响是不可忽略的，可大致归结为以下几个方面Ononehand,…;Ontheotherhand,…一方面，…；另一方面，…现象阐释类作文框架Asisshowninthegraphabove,wecanseeclearlythatgreatchangeshavetakenplacein…from…to…Thefirst…yearssaw…Thelast…yearswitnessed…Whatarethereasonsforthe?Onmystandpoint,thereareseveralasfollows.Firstofall,(______).Whatismore,(______).Lastbutnottheleast,(______).Thesignificanteffectsofthisphenomenonareundeniable,whichcanbeconcludedasthefollowingaspects.Ononehand,…;Ontheotherhand,…76wordsb．问题解决型关键句式Itisimportantthateffectiveactionsshouldbetakentopreventthesituation.采取有效措施防止这种情况的发生很重要。Thereisnoimmediatesolutiontotheproblemof…,but…mightbehelpful/butthegeneralawarenessofthenecessityof…mightbethefirststep.虽然问题没有现成的解决办法，但是,…是有帮助的/但是意识到….的必要性应该是解决问题的第一步。Inordertomakeourworldabetterplaceinwhichwelive,weshouldmakegreateffortsto…为了让我们生活的世界变得更加美好，我们应该努力…Accordingtowhatwehavetalkedabove,wecanarriveattheconclusionreasonably/naturallythat….thebestwaytosolvethisproblemis…综上所述，我们自然能得出以下结论，即解决这一问题的最好的办法就是…Followingthismethodmaynotguaranteethesuccessinsolutionto…,butthepayoffwillbeworththeeffort.这些方法并不一定能成功解决…，但是其结果是值得付出努力的。问题解决型作文框架Asisshowninthegraphabove,wecanseeclearlythatgreatchangeshavetakenplacein…from…to…Thefirst…yearssaw…Thelast…yearswitnessed…Whathascausedthisproblem?Itseemstomethatthereare…reasonsasfollows.Firstofall,(______).Whatismore,(______).Lastbutnottheleast,(______).Accordingtowhatwehavetalkedabove,wecanarriveattheconclusionreasonably/naturallythat….thebestwaytosolvethisproblemis…Although,followingthismethodmaynotguaranteethesuccessinsolutionto…,butthepayoffwillbeworththeeffort．Word：101

（五）应用类作文——信函应用文重点考察信函，要求考生按照这个场景给相关人士写一封短信，并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因、动机、目的和愿望等。注意事项：a．英语书信的格式——公函、私函;b．应用恰当的句式和语句；C．不要写真名。应用型作文书信关键句式DearSirorMadamMr.Mrs.Miss.MsYourssincerely,yourstruthfully,Love,…Yoursaffectionately,开头用语Howtimeflies!Wehaven’tseeneachotherforalongtime.Allthethingsherearegoingonprettywell,Ijustmissyousomuch!Itissogreattoherefromyouagain.Ihopethisletterfindsyouingoodhealthandgoodspirits.Itrustthateverythingisgoingsmoothlyforyou.Itisagreatpleasureformetohavethiswonderfulchancetoputpentopaperandsendgreetingstoyou.中间用语Inmyhumbleopinion,youwouldbewisetotakethefollowingaction…Ihopeyouwillnotfindtooforwardformetosuggestthatyou..Inmyexperience,itseemsthat….wouldmakesenseinyoursituation.结尾用语1．Iamlookingforwardtoafavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.2．ThankyouforyourconsiderationandIwillbelookingforwardtoyourreply.

大学英语四、六级考试---四级写作备考资料

北京鲁迅博物馆思维导图