2017年6月英语四级阅读练习及答案：大学的生存思维导图

甜味仙女

2023-03-16

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　　Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger.Not all will be saved，andperhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as t

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2017年6月英语四级阅读练习及答案：大学的生存思维导图模板大纲

Manyprivateinstitutionsofhighereducationaroundthecountryareindanger.Notallwillbesaved，andperhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-qualityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusiness.Wehavenoobligationtosavethemsimplybecausetheyexist.

Butmanythrivinginstitutionsthatdeservetocontinuearethreatened.Theyaredoingafinejobeducationally，buttheyarecaughtinafinancialsqueeze，withnowaytoreducerisingcostsorincreaserevenuessignificantly.Raisingtuitiondoesn‘tbringinmorerevenue，foreachtimetuitiongoesup，theenrollmentgoesdown，ortheamountthatmustbegivenawayinstudentaidgoesup.Schoolsarebadbusinesses，whetherpublicorprivate，notusuallybecauseofmismanagementbutbecauseofthenatureoftheenterprise.Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer，andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofewstudentsortoomanystudents.Evenaverygoodcollegeisaverybadbusiness.

Itissuchcolleges，thrivingbutthreatened，Iworryabout.Lowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.Evenwithfullenrollments，theymaygounder.Effortstosavethem，andpreferablytokeepthemprivate，areanationalnecessity.Thereisnobasisforarguingthatprivateschoolsareinherently(固有地)betterthanpublicschools.Examplestothecontraryabound.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatrankasthefinestinthenationandtheworld.Itisnowinevitablethatpublicinstitutionswillbedominant，andthereforediversityisanationalnecessity.Diversityinthewaywesupportschoolstendstogiveusahealthydiversityintheformsofeducation.Inanimperfectsocietysuchasours，uniformityofeducationthroughoutthenationcouldbedangerous.Inanimperfectsociety，diversityisapositivegood.Enthusiasticsupportersofpublichighereducationknowtheimportanceofsustainingprivatehighereducation.

练习题：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion：

1.Accordingtotheauthor‘sopinion，schoolsarebadbusinessesbecauseof_______.

A.mismanagement

B.toofewstudents

C.financialsqueeze

D.theircharacteristics

2.Theauthorusedthephrase“gounder”inPara.3tomean“_______”。

A.getintodifficulties

B.havelowenrollment

C.havelittlemoney

D.bringinmoremoney

3.Wecanreasonablyconcludefromthispassagethattheauthormadeanappealtothepublicinordertosupport_____

A.publicinstitution

B.privateschools

C.uniformityofeducation

D.diversityofeducation

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutprivateschools?

A.High-qualityprivateschoolsdeservetobesaved.

B.Ifthetuitionoftheprivateschoolsisraised，theenrollmentgoesdown.

C.Therearemanycasestoshowthatpublicschoolsarebetterthanprivateschools.

D.Privateschoolsaremoreprofitablethanpublicschools.

5.Whichofthefollowingwayscouldpossiblysaveprivateschools?

A.Raisingtuition.

B.Fullenrollment.

C.Nationalawarenessandsupport.

D.Reductionofrisingcosts.

答案及解析：

1.[D]事实细节题。本题考查因果关系。第2段倒数第3句中的“notbecauseof……butbecauseof……”指出了nature就是原因所在，characteristics是nature的近义词，故D正确。

2.[A]词义理解题。通过gounder所在句子中的Evenwith……可知，该句与上一句形成对比，这两句中的enrollment是相对应的，所以gounder应该也与上文的problem相对应，由此可推断，gounder就是haveproblem/difficulty之义。本题最具干扰性的是C，但文中并无细节具体说明即使入学人数满额学校收人也很少的问题，因此C把problem定义得过细，不如A恰当。

3.[B]推理判断题，也是主旨大意题。文章一开头就指出“许多私立髙等学校都处于危险之中”，引起读者的关注，结尾句明确倡议支持公立髙等教育的人们应该同样支持私立髙等教育，由此可见，B是本文的目的。本题最具干扰性的是D，D的说法在最后一段中多次提到，但是作者提出办学多样性是为了说明私立教育的重要性，故D只是本文主题(私立教育)的支持性细节，并非本文的中心话题。

4.[D]事实细节题。可用排除法找出答案。A可从第1段推断得出;B可在第2段第3句中找到;C可从最后一段中间找到。

5.[C]推理判断题。可用排除法找出答案，根据原文，第2段第3句可证明A不可行;最后一段第3句证明B不可行;第2段第2句也指出D行不通。本文的目的是为了提高公众对私立教育的关注，由此可见，只有C是拯救私立高校的可行性方法。

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