2017年6月英语四级语法知识点：非谓语动词思维导图

饮尽岁月

2023-03-16

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2017年6

　　非谓语动词　　1)动词不定式——只能接不定式做宾语的动词有：　　decide,hope,learn,manage(打算),offer,prepare,agree,refuse,fail(未), pretend,happen(碰巧),promise,plan(打算，计划) 　　a

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1)动词不定式——只能接不定式做宾语的动词有：

decide,hope,learn,manage(打算),offer,prepare,agree,refuse,fail(未),pretend,happen(碰巧),promise,plan(打算，计划)

a)测试作宾语时不定式带补语的结构

这种结构的常用动词有：find、think、consider、make等，基本句型是：v.+it+adj+todo

[例]Doyouconsiderwisetoignorehim

A.itis

B.ittobe

C.itasbeing

D.it

b)不定式在svoc句型中的应用

解题的关键是记住带不定式作宾语补足语的动词，如：ask、tell、allow、enable、expect、get、require、request、cause、urge、want、force、order等。

[例]Theydon’tallowinthelibrary,buttheyallowpeopleintherestroom.

A.tosmoketosmokeB.smokingsmokingC.tosmokesmokingD.smokingtosmoke

c)不定式作定语的用法

(1)与其他非谓语形式或谓语形式的区别

[例]Thequestiontomorrowiswhetherincometaxshouldbeincreased.

A.tobedebated

B.debates

C.debating

D.debated

(2)介词的使用

[例]Theboy’sfatherboughthimalargetoytrain.

A.whichtoplaywithB.toplaywithitC.toplaywithD.atwhichtoplay

d)不定式的时态、语态

不定式完成时表示不定式动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，不定式被动语态表示不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者，besoory、beglad、seem或say、find、hear、report等动词的被动语态后加不定式完成时态较为常见。

[例1]Thenewpowerstationisreportedwithinthreeyears.

A.tohavecompleted

B.tohavebeencompleted

C.havingbeencompleted

D.tocomplete

[例2]Mr.Johnsonpreferredheavierworktodo.

A.tobegiven

B.tobegivingC.tohavegiven

D.havinggiven

e)不定式作状语

[例1]Thepoliceinspectorspoketothelittlegirlkindlther.

A.nottofrighten

B.inordertonotfrighten

C.soasnottofrighten

D.sonotastofrighten

[例2]Hemovedawayfromhisparents,andmissedthem_____enjoytheexcitinglifeinNewYork.

A.toomuchto

B.enoughto

C.verymuchto

D.muchsoasto

2)动名词

a)只能接动名词做宾语的动词有：

miss,mind,enjoy,suggest,practise,persist,quit,admit,appreciate,deny,escape,complete,fulfil,acknowledge,favour,delay,postpone,finish,avoid,prevent,recall,recollect,risk,consider

b)只能接动名词的一些常用句型/结构：It’snogood/use/fun(in)doingsth

Thereisnoneed/point/use/sense(in)doingsth.bebusy/beworthdoingsth.

havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)doingsth

spend/wastetime(in)doingsthcan’thelpdoingsth

confessto,objectto,beopposedto,lookforwardto,contributeto,beusedto,bedevotedto,bededicatedto,leadto,referto,equalto,stickto,belongto,thanksto,beaccustomedtodoingsth