2017年12月英语四级阅读练习（二）思维导图

孤街浪徒

2023-03-15

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　　One thing the tour books don‘t tell you about London is that 2,000 of its residents are foxes. As native as the royal family, they fled the city about centuries ago after develop

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Onethingthetourbooksdon‘ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Asnativeastheroyalfamily,theyfledthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.―Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,‖saysGomerJones,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork‘sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals,includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry‘slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,andmoose(驼鹿)areregularlyseenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyonpigeons.Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970s‘pollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbia.Inaddition,conservationistshavecreatedurbanwildliferefuges.TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent$750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugesinthecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.Asaresult,pheasantsnowstrutintheEastEndandbadgersscuttleacrosslawnsnearthecenteroftown.AcolonyofrarehousemartinsnestsonawindowledgebesideHarrods,andoneeveninglastyearafoxwasseenonWestminsterBridgelookingupatBigBen.

Forperegrinefalcons,citiesareactuallysaferthanruralcliffdwellings.By1970thebirdswereextincteastoftheMississippibecausetheDDThadmadetheireggstoothintosupportlife.Thatyear,ornithologistTomCadeofCornellUniversitybeganrisingthebirdsforreleaseincities,forcitiesaffordedabundantfoodandcontainednoneoftheperegrine‘snaturalpredators."Beforetheywereexterminated,somemigratedtocitiesontheirownbecausetheyhadrunoutofcliffspace,"Cadesays.―Toperegrines,buildingsarejustlikecliffs.‖Hehasreleasedabout30birdssince1975inNewYork,Baltimore,PhiladelphiaandNorfolk,andofthe20pairsnowlivingintheEast,halfareurbanites.―Afewoftheyoungoneshavegottenintotroublebyfallingdownchimneysandcrashingintowindow-glass,butoveralltheiradjustmenthasbeensuccessful.‖

62.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat________.

[A]environmentiscrucialforwildlife

[B]tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation

[C]Londonisacityoffox

[D]foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment

63.Theselectionisprimarilyconcernedwith________.

[A]wildlifeofallkindsreturningtolargecitiestolive

[B]falconsinNewYork,Baltimore,Philadelphia,andNorfolk

[C]moosestumblingintoplate-glassstorefronts

[D]foxesreturningtoLondon

64.Inthe4thparagraphthepheasants,badgers,andmartinsetc.arementionedto________.

[A]explaintheirlivinghabit

[B]makeknowntheirhabitat

[C]showtheendeavorsofLondonerstomakethecityhabitableforwildlife

[D]encouragevolunteerstodosomethingforthespecies

65.Themainideaofparagraph3is________.

[A]thatairandwaterqualityhasimprovedinthecities

[B]whywildlifelikesthenoiseandcommotioninthecities

[C]thatwildliferefugeshavebeenbuiltinthecities

[D]whywildlifeisreturningtocities

66.Citiesmakegoodhomesforperegrinefalconsbecausetheyprovide________.

[A]bountifulnestingareas,abundantfood,andrainwatercontrolbasins

[B]abundantfood,buildingsthatresemblecliffs,andnonaturalpredators

[C]largebuildingswithchimneysotherwildlife,andwell-lightednestingareas

[D]abundantfood,chimneys,rubble,andwindowsills

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