在英语中,时态是英语语法中的难点之一,它种类多,容易混淆,下面笔者通过几种时态比较,帮助英语学习者理解和掌握时态的用法。
1)IcomefromShanghai(上海人)
IhavecomefromShanghai(从上海来)
2)Youreadverywell.(强调能力)
You'vereadverywell.(强调一次刚完成的动作)
3)Iforget.(一时想不起来了)
Ihaveforgotten.(仍没想起来,可能已回忆起来了)
4)ThebookiswritteninsimpleEnglish.(表状态)
ThebookhasbeenwritteninsimpleEnglish.(表动态,已用英语写成)
5)EverytimeIseehim,he'sbeenreading.(两个动作不可能同时进行)EverytimeIhaveseenhim,he'sbeenreading.(强调两个动作同时进行)
6)Heisgone.(强调状态)Hehasgone(强调动作和时间)
7)Hewon'tcometilltheplaybegins.(演出开始时)
Hewon'tcometilltheplayhasbegun.(戏已开始)
8)AfterIleaveschool,I'llgotocollege.(两个动作紧密相接)
AfterIhaveleftschool,I'llgotocollege.(强调毕业后,两个动作可能有间隔)
9)ItisalongtimesinceIsawyoulast.It'sbeenalongtimesinceIsawyoulast.(这两句话一样,后一句是美国英语)
10)Whereareyou?(在哪)Wherehaveyoubeen?(去了哪)
1)Heworkshard.(强调始终如一)Heisworkinghard.(强调现在)
2)Whatdoyoudo?(干什么工作的)Whatareyoudoing?(在干什么)
3)Herecomesthebus!(表高兴和欣慰)
4)Iforgethimname.I'mforgettinghisname.(差点把他的名字忘了)
5)Youdon'teatmuch.(强调胃口不大)
You'renoteatingmuch.(你怎么不吃呀)
6)Thematchstartsat7o'clock.(比较固定,不宜改变)
Thematchisstartingat7o'clock.(可以改变)
7)Tomalwayscomeslate.Tomisalwayscominglate.(表示不满,责备)
8)Tomgoestocollegenow.
Tomisgoingtocollegenow.(这两句区别不大,后者更生动)
9)Itellyou.(我可以告诉你)
I'mtellingyou.(我告诉你吧,有感情色彩)
10)Healwayssleepsintheafternoon.
Heisalwayssleepingintheafternoon.(后者意味着整个下午都睡掉了)
11)Iexpectyoutophoneme.(几乎等于命令)
I'mexpectingyoutophoneme.(婉转)
12)Whatdoyousay?Whatareyousaying?(你说些什么呀,表说话人惊讶,不满)
12)Ifindthatthebookistoodifficultforme.(强调结果)I'mfindingthatthebookistoodifficultforme.(强调过程,逐渐感到)
13)Applescostmorethesedays.(强调事实)
Applesarecostingmorethesedays.(越来越贵)
14)Healwaysthinksofothers.
He'salwaysthinkingofothers.(表示赞扬)
15)WheneverIseehim,heargueswithsomebody.(强调两个动作有先后)WheneverIseehim,heisarguingwithsomebody.(强调两个动作同时进行)
16)Ihopeyou'llgiveussomeadvice.
I'mhopingyou'llgiveussomeadvice.(表示语气婉转)
17)Imustgo.(我应该去)Imustbegoing.(我该走了)
18)Wecandiscussthiswhileweeat.(说话是没用餐)
Wecandiscussthiswhileweareeating.(进餐已开始)