(1) 氢氧化钡溶液与稀 H2SO4 反应:2H++SO42-+Ba2++2OH-=BaSO4↓+2H2O
Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 == BaSO4 + 2H2O
(2) 硫酸氢钠溶液中加入氢氧化钡溶液至中性:2H++SO42-+Ba2++2OH-=BaSO4↓+2H2O
(3) 硫酸氢钠溶液中加入氢氧化钡溶液至硫酸根沉淀完全:H++SO42-+Ba2++2OH-=BaSO4↓+2H2O
NaHSO4+Ba(OH)2=BaSO4↓+NaOH+H2O
(4) 碳酸氢钠溶液和氢氧化钠溶液混合 HCO3-+OHˉ=CO32-+H2O
(5) 氢氧化钠溶液中加入过量碳酸氢钙溶液: Ca2++HCO3-+OH-=CaCO3↓+H2O
NaOH+CaHCO3=CaCO3↓+ Na2CO3+H2O
(6) 氢氧化钠溶液中加入少量碳酸氢钙溶液:Ca2++2HCO3-+2OH-=CaCO3↓+H2O+ CO32-
NaOH+CaHCO3=CaCO3↓+Na2CO3+H2O
(7) 向AlCl3溶液中加入少量的NaOH溶液:Al3+ + 3OH-= Al(OH)3↓
AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3+3NaCl
(8) 向AlCl3溶液中加入过量的NaOH溶液:Al3+ +4OH-=AlO2-+2H2O
AlCl3+3NaOH=Al(OH)3+3NaCl Al(OH)3+NaOH=NaAlO4+2H2O AlCl3+4NaOH=
(9) 氯化铁溶液中加过量氨水:Fe 3++3NH3?H2O= Fe (OH)3↓+3NH4+
FeCl3+3NH3?H2O= Fe (OH)3↓+3NH4Cl
(10) 氯化铝溶液中加入过量的氨水 A13++3NH3?H2O= Al(OH)3↓+3NH4+
A1Cl3+3NH3?H2O= Al(OH)3↓+3NH4Cl
(11) 氯化铝溶液中加入少量的氨水(同上) A13++3NH3?H2O= Al(OH)3↓+3NH4+
A1Cl3+3NH3?H2O= Al(OH)3↓+3NH4Cl
(12) 澄清石灰水与少量小苏打溶液混合:Ca2+十OH-+HCO3-= CaCO3↓+H2O
Ca(OH)2+NaHCO3-= CaCO3↓+NaOH+H2O
(13) 澄清石灰水与过量小苏打溶液混合:Ca2++2OH-+2HCO3-= CaCO3↓+2H2O+ CO32-
Ca(OH)2+NaHCO3= CaCO3↓+NaOH+H2O NaOH+ NaHCO3= Na2CO3↓+ H2O
Ca(OH)2+2NaHCO3= CaCO3↓+2H2O+ NA2CO3
(14) 铝片溶于苛性钠溶液:2Al+2OH-+2H2O =2AlO2-+3H2↑
2Al+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+3H2↑
(15) 金属铜与稀硝酸反应:3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- = 3Cu2+ +4H2O+ 2NO↑
3Cu+8HNO3(稀)△3Cu(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO↑
(16) 金属铜与浓硝酸反应:Cu + 4H+ + 2NO3- = Cu2+ + 2NO2↑ +2H2 O
Cu+ 4HNO3 (浓)= Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2↑ +2H2 O
(17) 稀硝酸与过量的铁屑反应Fe+4H++2NO3-= Fe2++2NO↑+2 H2O
Fe+HNO3(稀)= Fe(NO3)2+2NO↑+2 H2O
2Fe+8H++2NO3-= 2Fe3++2NO↑+4 H2O 2Fe+8HNO3(稀)= 2Fe(NO3)3+2NO↑+4H2O
(19) 氢氧化亚铁溶于稀盐酸 Fe (OH)2+2H+ = Fe2++2H2O