非谓语动词是指分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)、不定式、动名词等三种形式,即:
doing , done , to do , doing 。当然它们有各自不同的变化形式,如:
现在分词 doing : 有being done(被动式) ; having done (完成式); having been do
不定式 to do : 有to be done (被动式); to have done (完成式); to be doing(进行式)
动名词 doing : 有having done(完成式); being done(被动式) ;
非谓语动词的特点: 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征,虽然它们没有人称和数的变化,但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。它们都有各自的特征:分词具有形容词和副词的特征;动名词具有名词的特征;不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。具体来讲:分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等;动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等;不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。
1.To learn a foreign language is difficult .
2. His wish is to be a driver .
3.Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .
4.The teacher told us to do morning exercises .
5.I have nothing to say .
6.They went to see their aunt .
7.It’s easy to see their aunt.
8.I don’t know what to do next .
9.I heard them make a noise .
说明:1.动词不定式作主语, 2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语,4.动词不定式作宾语补足语,5.动词不定式作定语,6.动词不定式作目的状语,7.动词不定式作真正主语,it 代替动词不定式,作形式主语。8.带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语,9.不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。